- 16 OCT 18 OCT[ACADEMIC EVENT] Manutech-Sise Conference: looking back over 13 years of scientific activity
After thirteen years of scientific activity, the member laboratories and companies of LabEx MANUTECH-SISE on the Lyon Saint-Étienne site are keen to share the fruits of their labor with the French academic and industrial community working in surface science and engineering.
- 04 OCT 14 OCT[PUBLIC EVENT] 2024 Science Fair in the city of Lyon and the Rhône department
Every year, throughout France, the Science Fair invites the general public to have fun with science, to discover new technologies and the latest developments. The scientific community has come together to offer a range of activities, exhibitions, lectures, tours, and much more.
- 27 SEPT[OUR CONSORTIUM] Global Innovation Index: Lyon one of the world’s top 100 scientific and technological hubs
The Global Innovation Index, published each year by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), ranks countries and economies throughout the world. In this 2024 edition, the Lyon region has been ranked 92nd.
- 23 SEPT[IN OUR INSTITUTIONS] New dining option from the Crous every night of the week
Since Monday September 16, the Crous de Lyon has been offering an evening dining option, available on site at the Studio cafeteria, from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m.
- 20 SEPT[RETROSPECTIVE] INDULO at WorldSkills Lyon 2024
INDULO, the industrial outreach scheme run by the Université de Lyon and supported by the Métropole de Lyon, welcomed 400 visitors at the careers village held at Place Bellecour during WorldSkills Lyon 2024.
- 19 SEPT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Students in Lyon, volunteer at Nightline to support your peers!
Nightline Lyon is a local branch of the Nightline France association, which has been working since 2016 to improve students’ mental health. Nightline develops various projects for and with students supported by professionals.
- 18 SEPT 02 OCT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] A bootcamp 100% for women in research & start-ups in Lyon & Saint-Étienne
The Lyon and Saint-Étienne University Innovation Center (PUI IMPULSE) is launching its fourth START(H)ER Bootcamp with support from the Métropole de Lyon, in conjunction with Les Premières AURA, an incubator specializing in female entrepreneurship. Applications are open until September 10, 2024.
- 17 SEPT 20 SEPT[ACADEMIC EVENT] The Université de Lyon and its institutions at EAIE 2024
The Université de Lyon, together with its institutions, will be present at the largest institutional exhibition in Europe, organized by the EAIE - European Association of International Education.
- 16 SEPT 20 SEPT[RETROSPECTIVE] Several UdL institutions take part in the 3rd France-USP Week
The third “France-USP Week for Scientific Cooperation” took place from September 16-20, 2024 at the University of São Paulo. The event celebrated the partnerships between the Brazilian university and French higher education and research institutions, including several Université de Lyon institutions.
- 09 SEPT 30 NOV[IN OUR INSTITUTIONS] Spotlight on the fight against sexual and sexist violence on our campuses
For the 1st edition of the Ma rentrée safe (A safe start to the academic year) event, the higher education institutions at the Lyon Saint-Étienne site and the Université de Lyon are organizing a comprehensive program of more than 20 events, from September to November 2024.
- 05 SEPT 30 NOV[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Pop'Sciences Festival 2025
The Pop’Sciences Festival is back for its fifth edition and will take place on 16, 17 and 18 May 2025 in Belleville-en-Beaujolais, part of the Saône Beaujolais Community of Communes.
- 05 SEPT[FORMALITIES] International students, take part in the Health Insurance "Special instructions" webinar
The Université de Lyon invites all international students residing in the Ain, Loire and Rhône departments to participate, on Thursday, September 5, 2024, in the webinar organized by the Loire CPAM (Caisse primaire d'assurance maladie on the theme: "Special instructions for international students".
- 05 SEPT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Innovation and entrepreneurship programs for young researchers
Are you a PhD. student, a post-doctoral fellow, and/or have you defended your thesis in the last 5 years? Come and learn more about innovation, and discover the tools you need to transform your scientific expertise into solutions that have an impact on society. What’s more, these programs allow you to validate your doctoral training hours!
- 03 SEPT 31 OCT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] CPED thesis prize: time to enter!
The 2024 campaign to enter candidates for the Permanent Conference of Equality and Diversity Officers in Higher Education and Research (CPED - Conférence permanente des chargé.e.s de missions égalité diversité de l'enseignement supérieur et la recherche) Thesis Prize is now open.
- 02 SEPT 13 DÉC[PUBLIC EVENT] The Students Welcome Desk returns in September to support international students!
Every year at the start of the academic year, the Université de Lyon sets up its Students Welcome Desk to greet international students and help with their their back-to-school procedures. In Lyon, the 2024 edition will be extended from September 4 to December 13.
- 01 SEPT[FORMALITIES] The Espace Ulys is back for the 2024/2025 academic year
The Espace Ulys, the EURAXESS Center of the Université de Lyon, is on hand to ensure a smooth arrival for international scientists in its member and partner institutions.
- 01 SEPT 04 NOV[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] 2025-2026 Collegium de Lyon fellowships
The Collegium - Université de Lyon’s Institute for Advanced Studies is launching a call for applications for Research Chairs and fellowships for one or two semesters over the 2025-2026 academic year.
- 28 AOÛT[FORMALITIES] Prepare for the academic year with the Student Assistance portal: focus on transport
Are you a student interested in learning more about the different transport options available in your area? Simply visit the Student Assistance web portal to find out everything you need to know about traveling to your institution, getting around the city and exploring the surrounding area. A chance to (re)discover the place where you are studying thanks to the different modes of transport!
- 27 AOÛT[FORMALITIES] Prepare for the 2024 academic year with the Student Health portal & online directory
In order to provide you with information about the French health care system and to improve your access to health care, the Université de Lyon, in partnership with its institutions and with the support of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region, has set up the Student Health portal to provide you with all the information, procedures, services and contacts you may need to take care of your physical and mental health.
- 24 AOÛT 20 SEPT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Volunteer for the WorldSkills Lyon 2024 international competition!
Calling all students – do you want to be part of an unforgettable human adventure and help organize an international event? Are you available* and motivated? Join a team of 2,500 volunteers and experience the thrill of competition!
- 19 AOÛT[FORMALITIES] Start of the 2024 academic year: the Ministry provides guidance
On August 14, the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research published its guide to the start of the 2024-2025 academic year.
- 22 JUIL[FORMALITIES] Get ready for the new academic year with TCL’s special student pass
SYTRAL Mobilités offers young people between the ages of 18 and 25 a range of passes to allow them to travel freely on Lyon’s public transport network.
- 19 JUIL[RETROSPECTIVE] 12th SLEIGHT Science Event: three days dedicated to "Imaging in Manutech-SLEIGHT"
The Manutech-SLEIGHT Graduate School organized its 12th SLEIGHT Science Event, from July 8 to 10 in the premises of Telecom Saint-Étienne at the Jean Monnet University, bringing together more than 100 participants around the themes of imaging: computational reproducibility in imaging, phase contrast in X-ray imaging, electron microscopy for in situ analysis and optical microscopy in biology and medicine.
- 19 JUIL[FORMALITIES] Get ready for the new academic year with the Crous de Lyon
The Crous de Lyon has set up a special web page to help students prepare for the new academic year. Here is your guide to student dining facilities, activating your Izly account, tracking your scholarship or housing applications, accessing social services, and more!
- 15 JUIL 17 SEPT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] China Scholarship Council doctoral scholarships: 2025 campaign
The Université de Lyon has signed an agreement with the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Through this agreement, the CSC provides funding for 30 doctoral scholarships per year, enabling Chinese students to study for their PhD in one of the Université de Lyon’s member and associate institutions.
- 15 JUIL 15 OCT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Rhône Campus Alliance (ACR) call for funding French-Swiss research
This call for projects is intended to strengthen collaborations between partners of the Rhône Campus Alliance through the implementation of new projects.
- 10 JUIL[AWARD] QS Europe 2025 rankings rewards six institutions of the Université de Lyon
The QS Europe rankings, established by the British company Quacquarelli Symonds in association with Elsevier, were revealed on July 10. Six member institutions of the Université de Lyon were among the institutions cited in this 2024 edition.
- 08 JUIL 10 JUIL[ACADEMIC EVENT] 12th Science Week for the Manutech-SLEIGHT Graduate School of Research
From July 8 to 10, 2024, the Manutech-SLEIGHT Graduate School of Research held its 12th interdisciplinary week (the SLEIGHT Science Event) on the Manufacture campus at the Université Jean Monnet in Saint-Étienne.
- 05 JUIL[IMPORTANT] International students: information regarding the renewal of your residence permit
As the summer holidays approach, the Université de Lyon invites you to remain vigilant as to the expiration date of your current residence permit or extension certificate (ADP - Attestation de prolongation).
- 28 JUIN 29 JUIN[PUBLIC EVENT] Meet&Fabrik EXPO, the first ever student innovation fair in Lyon & Saint-Étienne!
On June 28 and 29, 2024, the Université de Lyon’s Innovation Factory will be at the Double Mixte venue in Villeurbanne for Meet & Fabrik EXPO, the first ever student innovation fair on the Lyon Saint-Étienne academic site. A humanoid robotic arm, a futuristic wet suit, wind turbine kits... Through a variety of models and prototypes, explore the solutions imagined by the inventors of the world of tomorrow.
- 21 JUIN[AWARD] Nina Gasking, curator of the “Dans ma cuisine” exhibition, receives the Simon Norton Prize
The European Mathematical Society recently honored the “Dans ma cuisine” (“In my kitchen”) exhibition at the House of Mathematics and Computer Science (Maison des Mathématiques et de l’Informatique – MMI) with its Simon Norton Prize for Mathematics Outreach.
- 20 JUIN[OUR CONSORTIUM] The Université de Lyon supports Pinar Selek
The Université de Lyon is supporting Pinar Selek for the third hearing of her fifth trial, which took place in Turkey on June 28, 2024.
- 20 JUIN[PUBLICATION] 13th issue of the Pop’Sciences Mag: “City and life, a question of balance”
In June 2024, Pop’Sciences is publishing the latest issue of its magazine, which explores the relationship between humans and non-humans in our urban world. The release was highlighted on June 20 at a panel discussion in collaboration with Villeurbanne’s Maison du Livre, de l’Image et du Son.
- 18 JUIN[OUR CONSORTIUM] Nathalie Dompnier elected President of the Université de Lyon
The Board of Directors of the Université de Lyon has elected Ms. Nathalie Dompnier, formerly President of Université Lumière Lyon 2, as its new President. She succeeds Frank Debouck, who has served as President since March 1, 2022.
- 10 JUIN[AWARD] 20 research professors from Lyon Saint-Étienne to be appointed as members of the IUF
The Université de Lyon congratulates the 20 research professors from the Lyon Saint-Étienne site who have been appointed members of the University Institute of France (Institut Universitaire de France – IUF) by order of the Minister of Higher Education and Research dated May 22, 2024.
- 05 JUIN[AWARD] 5 Université de Lyon institutions ranked in the QS World University Rankings 2025
The QS World University Rankings, established by the British company QS (Quacquarelli Symonds), was published on June 4, 2024. Five member institutions from the Université de Lyon were mentioned in this edition.
- 04 JUIN 12 JUIL[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] The Research Ethics Committee launches a call for new members
Established in 2022, the Université de Lyon’s Research Ethics Committee (CER-UdL - Comité d'éthique de la recherche) supports researchers who wish to ensure the ethics of their research protocols (except for research involving human subjects). It will welcome new members at the start of the 2024/25 academic year.
- 29 MAI[OUR CONSORTIUM] Two candidates in the run for the Université de Lyon presidency
The Université de Lyon will elect its President during the Board of Directors' meeting, scheduled on Tuesday June 18, 2024. In this context, a call for applications was open until Wednesday May 29, 2024 at noon.
- 24 MAI[STUDENT ASSISTANCE] The Nightline helpline is open in English to support international students
Nightline Lyon is a help, support and information line, entirely run by and dedicated to students in Lyon and Saint-Étienne. International students benefit from a dedicated line, with English-speaking advisors.
- 24 MAI 16 SEPT[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] The Collegium de Lyon launches a new Fulbright Chair
The Fulbright Franco-American Commission and the Université de Lyon’s Collegium – Institute for Advanced Study have signed a partnership agreement to offer Collegium fellowships to Fulbright candidates.
- 24 MAI[AWARD] The Université de Lyon’s Sports Association takes second place in the Challenge 2024
From May 21 to 23, 2024, the French University Sports Federation organized its Annual Challenge 2024 in Vichy. Students from Lyon excelled in the competition, which is part of the Grande Cause Nationale (Great National Cause) 2024, with this year’s competition focusing on physical activity and sports. The results are in!
- 21 MAI[ACADEMIC EVENT] “Discussing the commitment of scientists”: a COMETS &Joint Ethics Committee meeting
On May 21, 2024, the COMETS (CNRS Ethics Committee) and the Joint Ethics Committee (INRAE-Cirad-Ifremer-IRD) are organizing an afternoon dedicated to the commitment of researchers.
- 21 MAI[AWARD] Lauren M. Gillespie to represent Lyon Saint-Étienne at next Starthèse challenge
On May 13, 2024, the final challenge of the Expl’aura Bootcamp, launched by PULSALYS, took place at the Hôtel de Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.
- 13 MAI[ACADEMIC EVENT] The COMETS, CNRS Ethics Committee, celebrates its 30th anniversary
The COMETS is celebrating its thirtieth anniversary with a day-long symposium on Monday, May 13, 2024.
- 13 MAI[OUR CONSORTIUM] The Université de Lyon joins the Agora Lyon 2023 initiative of the City of Lyon
The Université de Lyon is now a member of Agora Lyon 2030, a collective for exchange, emulation and synergies towards climate neutrality.
- 13 MAI[AGREEMENT] 2025 Pop’Sciences Festival: Belleville-en-Beaujolais, May 16-18
The venues and dates of the next Pop’Sciences Festival, the scientific culture event held by the Université de Lyon, were officially announced on Monday, May 13, 2024.
- 02 MAI[PUBLICATION] The Université de Lyon release its 2023 annual report
The Université de Lyon releases its activity report for the year 2023. This document provides an overview of the projects and actions carried out by our teams in 2023, as well as the outlook for 2024, serving its member and associate institutions and the university site as a whole.
- 16 AVR[AWARD] 11 UdL institutions ranked in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024
The QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024, compiled by the British company QS (Quacquarelli Symonds), was published on April 10, 2024. This 13th edition includes 11 member and associate institutions of the Université de Lyon.
- 12 AVR 26 MAI[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] House of Mathematics and Computer Science 2024 call for projects
The House of Mathematics and Computer Science (Maison des Mathématiques et de l'Informatique – MMI), part of the Université de Lyon’s MILYON Laboratory of Excellence, is looking for organizations, research and training institutes, and event participants to help build the program for its next season.
- 11 AVR 12 AVR[AGREEMENT] U7+ Alliance: the 2024 Presidential Summit focuses on access to education for all
The U7+ Alliance 2024 Presidential Summit was held at Bocconi University in Milan and was attended by over 80 university leaders from 18 countries.
- 09 AVR[RETROSPECTIVE] A site visit to discover the future I-Factory building
On April 9, 80 people attended the first site visit to the I-Factory, the Université de Lyon’s future beacon for innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship on the LyonTech-la Doua campus.
- 05 AVR[PORTRAIT] 3 questions for the Student Life Ambassadors of the Université de Lyon
In February, Thierry Guichon, Marin Manfredi and Gwendal Plaud joined the Université de Lyon as “Student Life Ambassadors”. Their mission is to interact with students on campus and provide them with information about the services and support available in the areas of health, well-being, disability, etc.
- 04 AVR 28 JUIN[ACADEMIC EVENT] IMPULSE program: hands-on training for the scientific community
Are you a researcher or scientific staff member within the Lyon Saint-Étienne university site? Would you like to take part in a hands-on training course that will give you all the tools you need to make a successful transition from the laboratory to society? If the answer is yes, sign up for the first edition of the IMPULSE Program.
- 04 AVR 05 AVR[ACADEMIC EVENT] IMU Days 2024: “Intelligence of Urban Worlds, science for and with society”
The Université de Lyon’s "Intelligence of Urban Worlds" Laboratory of excellence (LabEx IMU) team are organizing two days of meetings and discussions with members of the laboratory’s scientific community and its partners.
- 26 MARS[SIGNATURE] Creation of the new joint TEBLab – Building Thermics and Energy Laboratory
On March 13, the CNRS and the INSA Lyon, in association with the Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, and the Scientific and Technical Center for Building (Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment – CSTB), announced the creation of a joint research laboratory: the TEBLab, Laboratoire Thermique et Énergétique du Bâtiment (Building Thermics and Energy Laboratory).
- 21 MARS[ACADEMIC EVENT] H2O’Lyon celebrates its fifth anniversary with annual event
A one-day event focused on the scientific and training activities of the H2O’Lyon Graduate School of Research (EUR – École universitaire de recherche), with the aim of exchanging ideas and shaping the future.
- 20 MARS[PUBLIC EVENT] “Eco-anxious: where do we go from here?” - an "Agir Ensemble" lecture
Are you concerned about the current climate situation? Do environmental issues keep you up at night and take on a very important place in your life? What can we do to go beyond concern and channel these feelings into change and action? The Agir ensemble (Act together) alliance, led by the Université de Lyon and the Crous de Lyon, invites you to discuss these issues with Camille Étienne, an environmental activist, on March 20, 2024.
- 20 MARS[RETROSPECTIVE] MT180 2024: David Lopes and François-Joseph Billaud win the UdL's regional final
The regional final of the “My Thesis in 180 Seconds” competition was held on Tuesday, March 19, 2024 in the Université de Lyon’s Grand Amphitheater. PhD students David Lopes (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1) and François-Joseph Billaud (Université Lumière Lyon 2) won the first prize and the People’s Choice Award, respectively, and have now reached the national semi-finals.
- 19 MARS[PUBLIC EVENT] 2024 edition of My Thesis in 180 Seconds: meet our 12 finalists
The Université de Lyon regional final of the international Francophone “My Thesis in 180 Seconds” competition will take place on Tuesday, March 19, 2024 at 6 PM. You can watch the final in person or via live streaming on the UdL’s YouTube channel and Facebook page.
- 18 MARS 15 JUIN[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Young Researcher Prize: the 2024 call is now open
The Métropole de Lyon, the City of Lyon and the Université de Lyon are launching the 2024 Young Researcher Prize. Are you a recent PhD graduate or postdoctoral researcher from one of the Université de Lyon ComUE institutions, or have you completed a thesis following professional experience? Apply for the Young Researcher Prize before June 15, 2024!
- 15 MARS[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] The Métropole de Lyon presents its 2024 call for international projects
As part of its commitment to territorial partnerships, the Métropole de Lyon is launching a call for international projects for 2024 on the theme of “Interculturality, citizenship education and international solidarity”. Project leaders can choose between two application phases.
- 14 MARS[PUBLICATION] “Mental health: from disorders to well-being”: new Pop’Sciences article series
At the start of the 2024 academic year, the Université de Lyon will inaugurate a new mental health center for students in the 7th district of Lyon. To mark the occasion, Pop’Sciences takes a look at the mental health research being carried out at the Lyon and Saint-Étienne university campuses.
- 04 MARS 28 MARS[PUBLIC EVENT] Brain Awareness Week is back, from March 4 to 28, 2024!
The 26th Brain Awareness Week 2024 will be held in the Lyon metropolitan area, under the theme: “My brain: a sensitive matter”.
- 02 MARS 26 AVR[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Training as part of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games
As part of the 2024 Olympic Games, Lyon and Saint-Étienne will be hosting soccer matches at the Groupama Stadium from July 24 to August 9. Companies are looking for people with security training. To meet this need, the French government has launched a training program, valid for five years, to enable people to work in event security. The Université de Lyon invites its students to take advantage of these free courses, which also pay you to attend.
- 01 MARS 31 MAI[FORMALITIES] The Student Social Dossier 2024-2025 campaign is open until May 31
Students and future students can now apply for accommodation and/or a scholarship with the Crous de Lyon before May 31, 2024, in order to prepare for the start of the school year in September.
- 31 JANV[PUBLICATION] “Confluence of Research Worlds” podcast: Iryna Teslenko
The Collegium - Institute of Advanced Studies of the Université de Lyon is launching “Confluence of Research Worlds” (Confluences des mondes de la recherche), a series of podcasts to discover the ongoing research of the 2023/2024 fellows.
- 31 JANV[PUBLICATION] “Confluence of Research Worlds” podcast: Alan Ross
The Collegium - Institute of Advanced Studies of the Université de Lyon is launching “Confluence of Research Worlds” (Confluences des mondes de la recherche), a series of podcasts to discover the ongoing research of the 2023/2024 fellows.
- 29 JANV[OUR CONSORTIUM] The Espace Ulys points of contact meet at the Université de Lyon
Espace Ulys, the EURAXESS center of the Université de Lyon, organized the first bi-annual meeting of its points of contact within its institutions on January 18, 2024. The meeting was an opportunity to present the outcomes of 2023 actions and the outlook for 2024.
- 26 JANV[RETROSPECTIVE] Renovation of the CNSMD de Lyon: a look back at the inauguration of the Black Box
On January 22, 2024, the Black Box, the CNSMD de Lyon’s new rehearsal space, funded as part of the French Recovery Plan (Plan France Relance), opened its doors. The Université de Lyon, which commissioned the project in 2021, is pleased to have supported the CNSMD, an associate institution, in this major renovation project.
- 23 JANV 15 MARS[CALL FOR APPLICATIONS] Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes’s “Ambition Internationale” 2024 call is now open
The International Ambition (Ambition Internationale) call for projects aims to strengthen the reputation and recognition of higher education and research in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region throughout Europe and the rest of the world.
- 23 JANV[RETROSPECTIVE] Over 200 participants attend the 11th Manutech-SLEIGHT Graduate School Science Week
From January 8 to 12, the Manutech-SLEIGHT Graduate School held its 11th SLEIGHT Science Event at Télécom Saint-Étienne, Université Jean Monnet. It brought together over 200 participants to explore all the subjects taught at Manutech-SLEIGHT: Optics-Photonics, Machine Learning, Surface Engineering, Image Science, Artificial Intelligence and Bioengineering.
- 22 JANV[PUBLICATION] “Confluence of Research Worlds” podcast: Michael Daniel
The Collegium - Institute of Advanced Studies of the Université de Lyon is launching “Confluence of Research Worlds” (Confluences des mondes de la recherche), a series of podcasts to discover the ongoing research of the 2023/2024 fellows.
- 16 JANV[FORMALITIES] “Mon Master”: the national platform to apply for a first-year Master’s degree is open
Are you an undergraduate or graduate student? For the start of the 2024 academic year, you can apply for a Master’s degree of your choice on the monmaster.gouv.fr website as of January 29.
- 15 JANV[PUBLICATION] “Confluence of Research Worlds” podcast: Natalia Zorrilla Sirlin
The Collegium - Institute of Advanced Studies of the Université de Lyon is launching “Confluence of Research Worlds” (Confluences des mondes de la recherche), a series of podcasts to discover the ongoing research of the 2023/2024 fellows.
- 15 JANV[PUBLICATION] “Confluence of Research Worlds” podcast: Luca Ciucci
The Collegium - Institute of Advanced Studies of the Université de Lyon is launching “Confluence of Research Worlds” (Confluences des mondes de la recherche), a series of podcasts to discover the ongoing research of the 2023/2024 fellows.
- 09 JANV[OUR CONSORTIUM] The Université de Lyon sees its new statutes published in the Official Gazette
On January 9, 2024, the Decree amending the Université de Lyon's statutes was published in the Official Gazette (Journal Officiel). This important step for the university site reflects and confirms the essential role of the Université de Lyon as a coordinating body in the Lyon Saint-Étienne territory.
- 21 DÉC[SIGNATURE] CESI Engineering School becomes an associate of the Université de Lyon
CESI (École d'ingénieurs) signed an association agreement on December 21, 2023.